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The Benefits of Craniosacral Therapy for Chronic Pain: Evidence and Practice from Craniosacral Thera



Many of the points of contact, hands-on craniosacral therapy correlate to the major chakras of the Energetic Human Anatomy. Dr. Kaminsky incorporates energy bodywork (Pranic Healing) into his sessions for maximum response of the body. He is an experienced CST and Pranic Healing Chiropractor.




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The still point is most often induced from the head and secondarily from the sacrum. Techniques applied to these anatomical parts are usually somewhat more rapidly effective than when applied to other parts of the body. The goal is simply to improve the activity of the craniosacral system.


The craniosacral therapist helps your rhythm restore and renew in compromised areas allowing for healing to take place of sensory, motor, musculoskeletal, neurological disorders, symptoms, conditions and pain. To learn more, visit the other pages on this website. Call to schedule your healing treatment with Dr. Kaminsky.


Studies were excluded if they were non-randomized trials, included samples of children or adolescents, or tested interventions that were not defined as CST by the trial authors (for example specific techniques related to cranial osteopathy).


In comparison to prior systematic reviews that included observational studies and RCTs [20], mixed cranial osteopathic and CST techniques [22], and healthy and clinical participants [24], this analysis focused on RCTs investigating CST in patients with chronic pain diagnoses. By searching published as well as unpublished studies, we were able to include one additional RCT that showed less positive results and was missed by the previous reviews [35]. Thus, we performed the first meta-analysis of CST trials that revealed no statistical heterogeneity except for one follow-up analysis; although it contained some clinical heterogeneity regarding the length of the CST interventions and the pain diagnoses of the patients. A further important issue for research and clinical practice are safety analyses that are not part of many previous reviews of CST [22, 24, 46].


The summarized evidence suggests robust short-term efficacy and comparative effectiveness of CST on pain intensity and functional disability. Longer-term effects seem plausible as well. According to this meta-analysis, CST was not associated with serious adverse events. However, clinicians should be aware of the potential risks of forcibly applied spinal CST techniques, which ca be associated with serious AEs, particularly in patients with preexisting pathologies of the spine [52]. Nonetheless, CST seem to be as safe as other conventional or commentary manual treatments [52] and might provide a novel treatment option in cases where standard treatments have failed to cause symptom alleviation. Recommendations for specific pain conditions cannot be given.


There are a number of researches which show the effectiveness of this technique. Referring to the benefits of CV4, cranial manipulation may modify the heart rate, blood flow velocity, blood pressure, and cerebral tissue oxygenation and reduce symptoms of otitis media and colic [4, 7]. It should be mentioned that CV4 may also influence the condition of children with cerebral palsy [9]. Patients with other neurologic disorders, such as adults with multiple sclerosis, have better function of the lower urinary tract after CV4 procedure, which was a component of the craniosacral therapy (CST) protocol [10]. One study also reported efficacy in the treatment of tension-type headache [11].


CST was developed in the 1970s and it is described as a gentle approach that releases tension deep in the body to relieve pain and dysfunction and improve whole-body health and performance. These techniques are able to release restrictions in the soft tissues that surround the central nervous system by using gentle touch [21, 22].


The systematic review showed that there are only a few studies suggesting the effectiveness of the CV4 therapy. The selection and criteria used helped identify ten research publications that presented the overall quality of the study. Some reported outcomes such as pain relief and autonomic nervous system regulation were statistically significant. However, other reported results such as blood pressure and heart rate regulation were described as the truly presented effects during and after the treatment. However, there were no statistically significant results [6, 12]. Patients with tension-type headache (TTH) may feel the relief after CV4. The examination of Hanten et al. [11] showed the effectiveness of treating TTH by CV4 in comparison to resting position techniques during pain. Low back pain was another condition in which CV4 seemed to play an important role as the analgesic technique [13].


Dr. Gregory Minnis is a physical therapist with an interest in orthopedic manual therapy. His work experience includes orthopedic physical therapy, sports medicine, neurological rehab, advanced assessment and treatment of running injuries, and advanced treatment of the pelvic complex, spine, and extremities.


Many massage therapists, physical therapists, osteopaths, and chiropractors are able to perform cranial sacral therapy. It can be part of an already-scheduled treatment visit or the sole purpose for your appointment.


After years of university research and testing, Dr. John E. Upledger developed the manual therapy he titled "CranioSacral Therapy." CranioSacral Therapy (CST) is a multi-faceted body of work that helps restore function of the craniosacral system: the brain, spinal cord and the fluids and membranes protecting these precious structures.


In this CS1 workshop, you will learn gentle techniques that assess and help normalize the craniosacral system, so the body can begin to self-correct. By unraveling pain and dysfunction at the source, you'll naturally help eliminate stress, strengthen resistance to disease, and enhance health in every dimension.


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Background and purpose: The evaluation of craniosacral motion is an approach used by physical therapists and other health professionals to assess the causes of pain and dysfunction, but evidence for the existence of this motion is lacking and the reproducibility of the results of this palpatory technique has not been studied. This study examined the interexaminer reliability of craniosacral rate and the relationships among craniosacral rate and subjects' and examiners' heart and respiratory rates.


Subjects: Participants were 12 children and adults with histories of physical trauma, surgery, or learning disabilities. Three physical therapists with expertise in craniosacral therapy were the examiners.


Methods: One of three nurses recorded heart and respiratory rates of both subject and examiner. The examiner then palpated the subject to determine craniosacral rate and reported the findings to the nurse. Each subject was examined by each of the three examiners.


Results: Reliability was estimated using a repeated-measures analysis of variance and the intraclass correlation coefficient (2,1). Significant differences among examiners and the scatter plot of rates showed lack of agreement among examiners. The ICC was -.02. The correlations between subject craniosacral rate and subject and examiner heart and respiratory rates were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficients and were low and not statistically significant.


Discussion and conclusions: Measurements of craniosacral motion did not appear to be related to measurements of heart and respiratory rates, and therapists were not able to measure it reliably. Measurement error may be sufficiently large to render many clinical decisions potentially erroneous. Further studies are needed to verify whether craniosacral motion exists, examine the interpretations of craniosacral assessment, determine the reliability of all aspects of the assessment, and examine whether craniosacral therapy is an effective treatment. [Wirth-Pattullo V. Hayes KW. Interrater reliability of craniosacral rate measurements and their relationship with subjects' and examiners' heart and respiratory rate measurements.


Green C, Martin CW, Bassett K, et al. A systematic review and critical appraisal of the scientific evidence on craniosacral therapy. British Columbia Office of Health Technology Assessment 1999;99:1 A PDF of the full text of this study can be found here. 2ff7e9595c


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